Alempien virtsateiden toimintahäiriöiden uusi kansainvälinen terminologia
Lisätietoa aiheesta
Pauliina Aukee
21.3.2017
Urinary Incontinence Symptoms
- Urinary incontinence (symptom): Complaint of involuntary loss of urine.
- Stress (urinary) incontinence: Complaint of involuntary loss of urine on effort or
physical exertion (e.g. sporting activities), or on sneezing or coughing. N.B. "activity-related
incontinence" might be preferred in some languages to avoid confusion with psychological
stress.
- Urgency (urinary) incontinence: Complaint of involuntary loss of urine associated
with urgency.
- Postural (urinary) incontinence: (NEW) Complaint of involuntary loss of urine associated
with change of body position, e.g. rising from a seated or lying position.
- Nocturnal enuresis: Complaint of involuntary urinary loss of urine which occurs during
sleep.
- Mixed (urinary) incontinence: Complaint of involuntary loss of urine associated with
urgency and, also, with effort or physical exertion or on sneezing or coughing.
- Continuous (urinary) incontinence: Complaint of continuous involuntary loss of urine.
- Insensible (urinary) incontinence: (NEW) Complaint of urinary incontinence where the
woman has been unaware of how it occurred.
- Coital incontinence: (NEW) Complaint of involuntary loss of urine with coitus. This
symptom might be further divided into that occurring with penetration and that occurring
at orgasm.
Bladder Storage Symptoms
- Increased daytime urinary frequency: Complaint that micturition occurs more frequently
during waking hours than previously deemed normal by the woman.
- Nocturia: Complaint of interruption of sleep one or more times because of the need
to micturate. Each void is preceded and followed by sleep.
- Urgency: Complaint of a sudden, compelling desire to pass urine which is difficult
to defer.
- Overactive bladder (OAB, Urgency) syndrome: Urinary urgency, usually accompanied by
frequency and nocturia, with or without urgency urinary incontinence, in the absence
of urinary tract infection or other obvious pathology.
Sensory Symptoms
- Sensory symptoms: A departure from normal sensation or function, experienced by the
woman during bladder filling. Normally, the individual is aware of increasing sensation
with bladder filling up to a strong desire to void.
- Increased bladder sensation: Complaint that the desire to void during bladder filling
occurs earlier or is more persistent to that previous experienced. N.B. This differs
from urgency by the fact that micturition can be postponed despite the desire to void.
- Reduced bladder sensation: Complaint that the definite desire to void occurs later
to that previously experienced despite an awareness that the bladder is filling.
- Absent bladder sensation: Complaint of both the absence of the sensation of bladder
filling and a definite desire to void.
Voiding and Postmicturition Symptoms
- Voiding symptoms: A departure from normal sensation or function, experienced by the
woman during or following the act of micturition.
- Hesitancy: Complaint of a delay in initiating micturition.
- Slow stream: Complaint of a urinary stream perceived as slower compared to previous
performance or in comparison with others.
- Intermittency: Complaint of urine flow that stops and starts on one or more occasions
during voiding.
- Straining to void: Complaint of the need to make an intensive effort (by abdominal
straining, Valsalva or suprapubic pressure) to either initiate, maintain or improve
the urinary stream.
- Spraying (splitting) of urinary stream: Complaint that the urine passage is a spray
or split rather than a single discrete stream.
- Feeling of incomplete (bladder) emptying: Complaint that the bladder does not feel
empty after micturition.
- Need to immediately re-void: Complaint that further micturition is necessary soon
after passing urine.
- Post-micturition leakage: Complaint of a further involuntary passage of urine following
the completion of micturition.
- Position-dependent micturition: (NEW) Complaint of having to take specific positions
to be able to micturate spontaneously or to improve bladder emptying e.g. leaning
forwards or backwards on the toilet seat or voiding in the semi-standing position.
- Dysuria: Complaint of burning or other discomfort during micturition. Discomfort may
be intrinsic to the lower urinary tract or external (vulvar dysuria).
- (Urinary) retention: (NEW) Complaint of the inability to pass urine despite persistent
effort.
Viite: «Haylen BT, de Ridder D, Freeman RM ym. An Internat...»1
Kirjallisuutta
- Haylen BT, de Ridder D, Freeman RM ym. An International Urogynecological Association
(IUGA)/International Continence Society (ICS) joint report on the terminology for
female pelvic floor dysfunction. Int Urogynecol J 2010;21:5-26 «PMID: 19937315»PubMed
Artikkelin tunnus: nix01798
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