Takaisin

Metotreksaatti ja TNF- salpaajat ja sydän ja verisuonisairastavuus

Näytönastekatsaukset
Markku Kauppi ja Laura Pirilä
30.3.2015

Näytön aste: A

Metotreksaatti ja biologisista lääkkeistä ainakin TNF-salpaajat vähentävät kardiovaskulaaritapahtumien vaaraa.

A systematic literature search of MEDLINE (via PubMed), EMBASE and the Cochrane Library databases (1960 to December 2012) was performed to identify observational studies and randomised controlled trials that reported CVEs in adults with RA treated with biologics (including TNF inhibitors), non-biological DMARDs (including methotrexate), NSAIDs and corticosteroids. 28 references met the selection criteria for meta-analysis in RA (total of 236 525 subjects; 5410 CVEs). «Roubille C, Richer V, Starnino T ym. The effects o...»1

In RA, TNF inhibitors were significantly associated with a reduction in the risk of all CVEs (RR, 0.70; 95% CI 0.54 to 0.90; p=0.005), as well as in myocardial infarctions, strokes and major adverse cardiac events. No significant effect on heart failure was observed. A beneficial association between methotrexate and reduction in the risk of all CVEs (RR, 0.72; 95% CI 0.57 to 0.91; p=0.007) and myocardial infarction was also found.

  • Tutkimuksen laatu: tasokas
  • Sovellettavuus suomalaiseen väestöön: hyvä

Kommentti: Meta-analyysiin otetut tutkimukset olivat vuosilta 2002–2014, Niistä vanhimmat eivät välttämättä vastaa nykyisiä hoitokäytäntöjä. Meta-analyysistä suljettiin pois tutkimukset, joissa oli vähemmän kuin 400 tutkittavaa.

A cohort of patients who were started on their first biologic, a TNFi, between 2001 and 2010 (N = 7,704), and a cohort comprising matched biologic-naïve RA patient referents at a 3:1 ratio were indentified by linkage of the Swedish National Patient Register and the Swedish Biologics Register. Furthermore, a matched comparator cohort (5:1 ratio) was extracted from the Swedish population register. «Ljung L, Askling J, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S ym. The r...»2

Based on 221 events in 7,704 patients (comprising 32,621 person-years) treated with TNFi biologics, the hazard ratio ((HR); ever-exposed) for acute coronary syndrome among the TNFi-exposed RA patients compared with biologic-naïve RA patients was 0.8 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.7 to 0.95). In comparison with the general population referents, statistical analysis using fully adjusted models resulted in a HR of 2.0 (95% CI = 1.8 to 2.3) for biologic-naïve RA patients and a HR of 1.6 (95% CI = 1.4 to 1.9) for the TNFi-exposed group.

  • Tutkimuksen laatu: tasokas
  • Sovellettavuus suomalaiseen väestöön: hyvä

Kommentti: Seuranta-aika oli varsin lyhyt.

Kirjallisuutta

  1. Roubille C, Richer V, Starnino T ym. The effects of tumour necrosis factor inhibitors, methotrexate, non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and corticosteroids on cardiovascular events in rheumatoid arthritis, psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Ann Rheum Dis 2015;74:480-9 «PMID: 25561362»PubMed
  2. Ljung L, Askling J, Rantapää-Dahlqvist S ym. The risk of acute coronary syndrome in rheumatoid arthritis in relation to tumour necrosis factor inhibitors and the risk in the general population: a national cohort study. Arthritis Res Ther 2014;16:R127 «PMID: 24941916»PubMed